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This paper explores the standardized approach to retrieving an array of selected option values from a multiple select dropdown (<select multiple>) in the React framework. By analyzing the structure of DOM event objects, it focuses on the modern JavaScript method using e.target.selectedOptions with Array.from(), compares it with traditional loop-based approaches, and explains the conversion mechanism between HTMLCollection and arrays. The discussion also covers the fundamental differences between HTML tags like <br> and character \n, and how to properly manage multiple selection states in React's controlled component pattern to ensure unidirectional data flow and predictability.

This article provides an in-depth analysis of the common React error "Cannot update during an existing state transition". Through practical examples, it demonstrates how to properly bind event handlers in the constructor to avoid infinite loops caused by directly calling setState in render methods. The article explains the correct timing for state updates and best practices, including solutions using arrow functions and pre-bound methods, extending to useState Hook usage in functional components.